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Updates This is a copy of an article from the Better Health Channel website. Articles on the Better Health Channel are updated regularly. For the most recent information on this topic, go to www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au Quality assurance This article, like all articles on the Better Health Channel, has passed through a rigorous and exhaustive approval process. Copyright Copyright © 2000/2004 State of Victoria. Reproduced from the Better Health Channel (www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au) at no cost with Permission of the Victorian Minister for Health. Unauthorized reproduction and other uses comprised in the copyright are prohibited without permission. Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis is a common infection especially among children under five. Children with conjunctivitis must be kept home from school or day care until the discharge from their eyes has stopped. This will prevent the spread ...

ADENOVIRUS CONJUNCTIVITIS SURVEILLANCE PROTOCOL FOR ONTARIO HOSPITALS Developed Jointly by the Ontario Hospital Association and the Ontario Medical Association and approved by the Minister of Health and Long-Term Care Published and Distributed by the Ontario Hospital Association Published May 2002 Reviewed June 2005 PUBLICATION #307 Page 2 OHA/OMA Communicable Disease Surveillance Protocols Page 1 Adenovirus Conjunctivitis Reviewed June 2005 Adenovirus Conjunctivitis Surveillance Protocol for Ontario Hospitals Published May 2002, Reviewed June 2005 This protocol was developed jointly by the Ontario Hospital Association and the Ontario Medical Association to meet the requirements of the Public Hospitals Act 1990, Revised Statutes of Ontario, Regulation 965. The protocol is based on clinical ...

Conjunctivitis INTRODUCTION Conjunctivitis , commonly known as "pink eye," is an inflammation of the membrane (conjunctiva) that covers the eye and lines the inner surface of the eyelid. There are four main causes of conjunctivitis . 1. One cause involves the introduction of either bacterial or viral microorganisms into the eye. These may be transmitted to the eye by contaminated hands, washcloths or towels, cosmetics (particularly eye makeup), false eyelashes or extended wear contacts. 2. Minor conjunctivitis can accompany a viral cold or flu. Although bacterial and some of the viral infections (particularly herpes) are not very common, they are potentially serious. Both types of infection are contagious. 3. Irritants are another cause of conjunctivitis . Offenders of this type include air pollutants, smoke, soap, hairspray, makeup, chlorine, cleaning fluids, etc. 4. Seasonal allergic response ...

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Allergic Conjunctivitis P.O. Box 19026, San Bernardino, CA 92423-9026 Tel. (909) 890-2067 Fax (909) 890-2058 Page 2 ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS Classification of Allergic Conjunctivitis Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis • The most common form of allergic conjunctivitis . • Usually associated with allergic rhinitis. • Signs and symptoms may include: Bilateral ocular and periocular pruritis Tearing Burning and stinging Pinkish or milky conjunctiva • Symptoms are usually bilateral. • Symptoms may persist throughout the allergy season but are subject to exacerbations and remissions. Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis • Reflects sensitivity to allergens that are present throughout the entire year. • Less prevalent than seasonal allergic ...

Iowa Dept. of Public Health Rev. 8/04 Conjunctivitis 1 FACT SHEET CONJUNCTIVITIS (Pink Eye) What is conjunctivitis ? It is the most common eye inflammation. The most common causes of acute conjunctivitis are bacteria, viruses, allergens, or sometimes irritation from toxic chemical exposures. Who is at risk? Anyone. It is most commonly found in children < 5 years of age. What are the symptoms of conjunctivitis ? The onset is sudden with redness of white-colored area of the eyeball and edema or swelling of the lids, secretions, pain, blurred vision, sensitivity to light and occasionally low-grade fever, headache, tiredness and tenderness in the area surrounding the eye(s). How do you get conjunctivitis ? Contact with the discharges from the eye or upper respiratory tracts of infected people, from fingers, clothing and other articles, including ...

Is there anything special about Conjunctivitis ? A particular type of bacterial Conjunctivitis called Ophthalmia Neonatorium affects new born babies. This infection is acquired during birth from the mother’s birth passage and can be very serious. This particular type of Conjunctivitis occurs in the first three weeks of life and requires urgent treatment with antibiotics. For more information about Conjunctivitis contact: The Community Infection Control Nurse at your local Primary Care Trust (PCT) or your local Health Protection Unit Information produced by: Health Protection Agency North West The Health Protection Agency is a new independent organisation dedicated to protecting people’s health. It brings together the expertise formerly in a number of official organisations. Date: September 2005 Review Date: September 2007 Conjunctivitis ...

Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis Prepared by Bill Bigler, PhD DOH, Bureau of Epidemiology Acute hemorrhagic conjuctivitis (AHC) is a relatively rare disease caused by coxsackievirus A24 and enterovirus 70. It is not a notifiable disease in Florida. Onset is usually sudden with a severely painful conjunctivitis and subconjunctival hemorrhage that resolves in five to seven days. 1 While there are no long-term opthalmic sequelae reported for this disease, about one in 10,000 persons infected with enterovirus 70 develops a polio-like paralysis (radiculomyelitis). Numerous epidemics have been documented worldwide and the clinical and epidemiological features of AHC in the United States appear similar to those reported in other countries. An outbreak that spread across eight southern Florida counties in 1981 may have been a northward extension of an epidemic in South and Central America. ...

Conjunctivitis (pinkeye) What is it? It’s an inflammation of the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside surface of the eyelids. It is a fairly common condition and may lead to damage if left untreated. What causes it? Bacteria or viral infections can cause it. The organisms that cause gonorrhea and chlamydia can also infect the eyes and cause conjunctivitis . This type of eye infection occurs in sexually active people and in newborns who acquire the infection at birth from their mothers. Viral conjunctivitis is also common and can occur during a common cold or flu. Less common but more serious conjunctivitis is caused by herpes simplex infection. Newborns also get conjunctivitis , which can be serious. The bacteria causing Chlamydia and gonorrhea can pass from an infected mother to a baby during delivery. What are the symptoms? ...

Bacterial conjunctivitis Search date January 2005 John Epling, John Smucny QUESTIONS What are the effects of antibiotics in adults and children with bacterial conjunctivitis ? .2 INTERVENTIONS ANTIBIOTICS Beneficial Antibiotics (topical) in people with culture positive bacterial conjunctivitis . .3 Likely to be beneficial Empirical treatment with topical antibiotics in people with suspected bacterial conjunctivitis . .2 To be covered in future updates Gonococcal conjunctivitis /gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum Propamidine isethionate Key Messages Antibiotics ¶ Antibiotics (topical) in people with culture positive bacterial conjunctivitis One systematic review and two subsequent RCTs found that topical antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin) increased rates of both clinical and microbiological cure ...

This guide was produced by BUPA and reproduced by the Health Shop 2003. The Health Shop, 31 High Street, Madeley Telford, TF7 5AR Tel: 01952 582659 Review 2006 Conjunctivitis A general guide Health Promotion Service Page 2 What is Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the transparent layer of tissue (the conjunctiva) that covers the white of the eye. What Causes Conjunctivitis and who is at risk? The common causes of conjunctivitis are: Infections of the eye with bacteria or viruses: and allergies to, among other things, pollen (hay fever), cosmetics, soap, washing powder or pets, particularly long- haired varieties of cats. Infectious conjunctivitis is more common in children than in adults. Viral conjunctivitis often occurs with mild viral illnesses, such as colds and sore throats, ...

Conjunctivitis (Bacterial) Description: Inflammation of the white of the eye, with swelling of the lids and mucopurulent (pus) discharge. Symptoms: Symptoms include the above symptoms, often accompanied by pain. How it is Spread: Bacterial conjunctivitis can be spread by direct contact with secretions from the eye(s). This type of infection may also be spread indirectly through towels, washcloths, handkerchiefs and other objects that have been contaminated with secretions from the eye(s). Incubation Period: Usually 24-72 hours. How Long Can a Person Pass the Infection to Others? Persons with bacte- rial infection are contagious as long as the eye is draining. Responsibilities of Parents and Caregivers: • The child should be seen by a physician for proper diagnosis and treatment if the symptoms include redness of the eye lid, purulent (pus) eye drainage, fever or pain. • Parents ...

Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Overview Conjunctivitis , commonly known as pink eye , is an infection of the conjunctiva (the outer-most layer of the eye that covers the sclera ). The three most common types of conjunctivitis are: viral , allergic , and bacterial . Each requires different treatments. With the exception of the allergic type, conjunctivitis is typically contagious. The viral type is often associated with an upper respiratory tract infection, cold, or sore throat. The allergic type occurs more frequently among those with allergic conditions. When related to allergies, the symptoms are often seasonal. Allergic conjunctivitis may also be caused by intolerance to substances such as cosmetics, perfume, or drugs. Bacterial conjunctivitis is often caused by bacteria such as staphylococcus and streptococcus. The severity of the infection depends on the type of ...

Page 1 of 2 CONJUNCTIVITIS Level II (No Level I) Skill Level: RN Definition: Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva generally due to bacterial or viral infections. This condition may also result from allergies, chemical irritation, flash burns or fungal infections. Subjective: • Obtain history of events and visual acuity history. • Pain may be described as burning sensation, itchy, watery eyes, abnormal discharge. Assessment: • Alteration in: o comfort o visual acuity • Conjunctivitis related to: o chemical burn o flashburn Objective: • Excessive blinking/tearing. • Conjunctival inflammation, swelling. • Test visual acuity if indicated. Should be normal for patient. Plan: At nursing discretion may use any of the below: • Check for allergies to medications. • If history of chemical ...

Conjunctivitis ("Pink Eye") Fact Sheet Conjunctivitis is an infection of the eyes commonly known as "pink eye" It is most often caused by a virus but can also be caused by bacteria. Symptoms of the eye include: Redness, irritation, itchiness; may produce lots of tears Clear or yellow discharge that may make the eyelids stick together, especially in the morning Swelling of eyelids The tears or the discharges from the eye are infectious People can get conjunctivitis by coming into contact with the tears or discharges from the eyes of an infected person and then touching their own eyes. Also conjunctivitis , when associated with an upper respiratory infection (common cold), can be spread by droplets (e.g., coughing, sneezing). Anyone can get conjunctivitis Preschoolers and school-age children get it most often because of crowding and lack of good handwashing and ...

This leaflet gives general advice, for any further information, please contact the Infection Control Team on:- Infection Control Nurses, Worcestershire non acute NHS Infection Control Service, Evesham Community Hospital, Waterside, Evesham, Worcs. WR11 1JT Tel:- 01386 502552 Mobile:- 07798 608171 IC Guidelines March 2004 CONJUNCTIVITIS What is it? Your questions answered. An Information Leaflet for Clients,Patients and Staff. Primary Care and Mental Health Partnership Trusts Page 2 What is it? Where does it come from? How do I get it? CONJUNCTIVITIS What is it? Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the thin, clear membrane (conjunctiva) that covers the white of the eye and inside surface ...

STATISTICS IN MEDICINE Statist. Med. 2006; 25:1840–1857 Published online 12 September 2005 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/sim.2352 Modelling the transmission dynamics of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis : Application to the 2003 outbreak in Mexico G. Chowell 1;2; * ; † , E. Shim 3; ‡ , F. Brauer 4; § , P. Diaz-Due˜nas 5 , J. M. Hyman 1; ¶ and C. Castillo-Chavez 3; 1 Theoretical Division (MS B284); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos; NM 87545; U.S.A. 2 Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology; Cornell University; 432 Warren Hall; Ithaca; NY 14853; U.S.A. 3 Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Arizona State University; P.O. Box 871804; Tempe; AZ 85287-1804; U.S.A. 4 Department of Mathematics; ...

Dynamics of Mycoplasmal Conjunctivitis in the Native and Introduced Range of the Host André A. Dhondt, 1 Alexander V. Badyaev, 2 Andrew P. Dobson, 3 Dana M. Hawley, 1,4 Melanie J.L. Driscoll, 1 Wesley M. Hochachka, 1 and David H. Ley 5 1 Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY 14850 2 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 3 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 4 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 5 College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC Abstract: In 1994, Mycoplasma gallisepticum , a common bacterial poultry pathogen, caused an epidemic in house finches ...

Hong Kong Med J Vol 12 No 3 June 2006 247 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR To the Editor —I read with interest the article by Chang et al “Neonatal haemorrhagic conjunctivitis : a specific sign of chlamydial infection”. 1 I found the information useful concerning the clinical characteristics and the prevalence of different forms of bacterial conjunctivitis . However, I noticed that the statistical methodology used to determine the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values is flawed and may mislead readers. I would like to make a brief comment on this aspect. Firstly, I would like to revise the calculation of those values using a 2 by 2 contingency table, because this helps illustrate my comment clearly (Table 1). 2 In Chang et al’s study, the data for blood-stained discharge are tabulated in Table 2, and obviously, the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were ...

“BUGS” INFORMATION LEAFLET ON: CONJUNCTIVITIS Health Protection Team October 2002 WHAT IS CONJUNCTIVITS? Conjunctivitis can be caused by a number of different bacteria or viruses. All result in the eye becoming red and sore. Children under 5 years are most often affected. WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE? Eyes become reddened and sore, swelling of the eyelids may occur. The person may suffer photophobia (intolerance to light) and discharge of pus from one or both eyes. The incubation period (time between exposure and developing symptoms) will vary depending on the cause (which bacteria or virus) - it is usually a few days. HOW IS IT SPREAD? Conjunctivitis is transmitted by direct contact from fingers or from towels used by an infected person. Young children are particularly at risk and spread within the household is common. PREVENTION ...

NYSDOH - BCDC March 2006 School Health Updates 2006 New York State Department of Health Regional Epidemiology Program Page 2 NYSDOH - BCDC March 2006 Outline General guidelines for preventing and controlling communicable disease Review of select diseases Fifth disease Community-associated MRSA Viral gastroenteritis Hepatitis Meningitis Meningococcal disease Page 3 NYSDOH - BCDC March 2006 Outline Review of select diseases (cont’d) Avian/Pandemic Influenza Conjunctivitis Head lice Impetigo Bacterial diarrheal illness Streptococcal pharyngitis Mononucleosis Page 4 NYSDOH - BCDC March 2006 General School Guidelines For Controlling And Preventing Infectious Diseases Ensure students are ...

Viral or Bacterial Conjunctivitis What is conjunctivitis ? Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the clear membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the white of the eye. Conjunctivitis is sometimes called pink eye. How does it occur? Conjunctivitis can be caused by many things, including infection by viruses or bacteria. Viruses that cause colds may lead to conjunctivitis . Some bacteria that cause conjunctivitis are chlamydia, staphylococci, and streptococci. Severe conjunctivitis , such as that caused by gonococci, can cause blindness. Viral and bacterial forms of conjunctivitis can be spread easily from person to person. They can be spread by coughing or sneezing. Bacteria or viruses can get in your eyes through contact with contaminated objects, including: • hands • washcloths or towels • cosmetics • false eyelashes • soft contact ...

Dear parent or guardian: A child in our program has conjunctivitis (pink eye). WHAT IS IT? Conjunctivitis (pink eye) is an infection or irritation of the eye. It can be cause by a variety of bacteria and viruses, often accompanying a respiratory illness (e.g. cold or ear infection). It can also be cause by chemicals (e.g. smoke, make-up), allergies (e.g. pollen), and other irritants e.g. dust). Conjunctivitis causes redness of the whites of the eyes, and crusty eyelashes when the child wakes up. Children might complain of a gritty or itchy feeling in the eyes and sensitivity to light. Conjunctivitis can begin in one eye, but usually ends up involving both eyes. The symptoms typically last for 3-5 days. HOW IS IT SPREAD? Infectious conjunctivitis (i.e., caused by bacteria or virus is spread by contact with secretions from the eye, nasal mucus, and saliva. It can spread through droplets coughed ...

What about staying away from work, school or preschool? Children should not attend childcare centres or school while there is any discharge from the eyes. This is because the discharge is so infectious. Adults do not need to stay away from work but still need to wash hands thoroughly if the eyes are touched. Conjunctivitis C O M M U N I T Y A N D P U B L I C H E A L T H • Rotavirus • Impetigo • Hand, foot and mouth disease • Ringworm • Slapped cheek disease • Salmonella • Threadworms Other resources available on childhood infections: Christchurch Office 76 Chester Street East P.O Box 1475 Christchurch Phone: 03 364 7844 Facsimile: 03 379 6125 Email: chic@cph.co.nz West Coast ...

Mark Wood FRCS PCEA Kikuyu Eye Unit PO Box 45, Kikuyu Kenya Introduction A healthy conjunctiva is necessary for the maintenance of a healthy cornea and thus the visual acuity of the eye. The conjunctiva contributes to the tear film which has three layers: (Inner) mucous â€“ adherence to the cornea (from the conjunctiva) (Middle) aqueous â€“ wetting agent (from the lacrimal glands) (Outer) oil â€“ prevention of evaporation (Meibomian and Zeis glands) Infections of the conjunctiva can spread to the cornea and can cause a perforation, e.g., gonococcal infection. Allergic con- junctivitis or limbal catarrh can spread over the cornea. â€˜Cobblestonesâ€™ form under the lid on the tarsal conjunctiva, and can cause corneal ulcers. Chemical injury to the limbal area can destroy the stem cells that are responsible for the re-epithelializa- ...

tive. Mucous membrane graft to the upper lid tarsal conjunctiva can be useful. Prevention of Conjunctivitis Prevention of infective conjunctivitis relies primarily on good personal hygiene. q Bacterial conjunctivitis is uncommon but can be spread by the hands or from upper respiratory tract infections. Gonnoccal infection is transmitted from the genital tract or urine to the eye by hands. This is a serious breach of normal hygiene. Ophthalmia neonatorum can be prevent- ed by the use of povidone iodine drops, tetracycline eye ointment or other anti- septics or antibiotics at birth. q Viral conjunctivitis , in particular aden- ovirus, can sweep through a community or an institution such as a school very quickly. This is highly infectious and needs to be controlled by the enforce- ment of strict hygiene standards â€“ towels, ...

Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis and Coxsackievirus A24v, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2004 Fernando N. Tavares,* Eliane V. Costa,* Silas S. Oliveira,* Cecilia C.A. Nicolai,† Meri Baran,† and Edson E. da Silva* An outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) occurred in Rio de Janeiro in 2004. Coxsackievirus A24v (CA24v) was identified as the etiologic agent, and partial sequences from the VP1 gene show that the isolates are closely related to CA24v viruses that previously caused AHC epidemics in South Korea and French Guiana. A cute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a rapidly progressive and highly contagious viral disease that is primarily caused by 2 distinct enteroviruses: enterovirus 70 (EV70) and a variant of coxsackievirus A24 (CA24v). These viruses have caused epidemics of AHC in tropical coastal regions throughout the world ( 1 ). The ...

In case of an urgent concern or emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away. This is general information and is not specific medical advice for your child. Always consult your child’s doctor or other healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns about the care or health of your child. A Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta pediatric advice nurse is available 24 hours a day at 404.250.kids. OUTPATIENT What is conjunctivitis ? Conjunctivitis (pinkeye) is an eye condition caused by bacteria, a virus, an allergic reaction or chemicals. If it is caused by a bacteria or virus, it is very contagious (can be caught easily). It is not contagious if an allergic reaction or chemicals cause it. What are the possible symptoms? Your child may have one or more of the following symptoms: • Watery eyes • Itchy eyes • Redness around the eyes or ...